Ottoman Presence in Thessalonike in 1387–1402: The View of Late Byzantine Intellectuals

This article addresses the views of Late Byzantine writers on problem Ottoman presence in Thessalonike 1387–1402. Taking materials from works archbishops city Isidore Glabas (1380–1396) and Symeon (1416/17–1429), as well Manuel Palaiologos, governor 1382–1387, into account, this study analyses circumstances that preceded surrender to Ottomans, reasons led transfer under rule Turks. The author concludes lack assistance Constantinople, hardships siege (1383–1387), flight Despot Archbishop voluntary There were no significant changes administration, council continued working. However, defiance agreement providing Christian population with a number tax benefits religious immunity, many churches looted, townspeople soon lost previously promised privileges obliged pay “blood tax,” i. e. participate devşirme system. Trying turn their flocks away cooperation conquerors, sermons urged avoid contact Turks condemned marriages Muslims contracted these, opinion, threatened Romaioi’s identity. conditions being Turkish settlers actively developing nearby lands, Romaioi having interact Turks, exhortations church hierarchs did not find response wanting calm peaceful life.